Palavras-chave
HTLV-1
Câncer
Como Citar
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Resumo
Objetivo: Determinar a relação entre o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) e o vírus linfotrópico T humano Tipo 1 (HTLV-1) e o desenvolvimento de doenças oncológicas. Métodos: Revisão integrativa, seguindo a estratégia PICO, o levantamento foi feito nas bases MEDLINE e PUBMED. Utilizaram-se os descritores: “HIV”, “HTLV-1” e “cancer”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos na íntegra, nos últimos 10 anos, com metodologia de acordo com o objetivo proposto. Foram apurados 119 artigos e 20 foram selecionados. Resultados: O HTLV-1 e o HIV desempenham papeis significativos na carcinogênese por meio da imunossupressão, inflamação crônica e ativação de proteínas e genes específicos. O HIV está associado ao aumento do risco de linfoma não-Hodgkin (NHL), câncer cervical, colorretal e sarcoma de Kaposi. O HTLV-1 é a principal causa da leucemia/linfoma de células T do adulto (ATL) e de outros linfomas. Além disso, fatores de risco como idade, histórico familiar e coinfecções, incluindo Epstein-Barr e papilomavírus humano (HPV), contribuem para a progressão tumoral. Considerações finais: A infecção por HIV e HTLV-1 está diretamente relacionada ao aumento de neoplasias. Assim, são necessárias novas pesquisas para aprimorar abordagens terapêuticas e profiláticas no sistema de saúde.
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