Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever o manejo e conduta cirúrgica odontológica em pacientes portadores de coagulopatias, dando enfoque para as doenças hereditárias, como doença de von Willebrand e hemofilia A. Revisão bibliográfica: A revisão destacou que o manejo desses pacientes evoluiu para protocolos mais individualizados e interdisciplinares, envolvendo o cirurgião-dentista e o hematologista, tendo em vista a necessidade de uma análise criteriosa do paciente. Há consenso de que esses pacientes apresentam alto risco hemorrágico, exigindo planejamento cuidadoso e avaliação pré-operatória detalhada, tanto sistêmica quanto local, incluindo exames como TP/INR e TTPA. Além disso, houve convergência entre os autores sobre o uso do ácido tranexâmico na maioria dos casos, não sendo necessário a suspensão dos anticoagulantes. Considerações finais: O manejo cirúrgico em pacientes com coagulopatias exige abordagem individualizada, interdisciplinar e baseada em protocolos atualizados. O uso de antifibrinolíticos, a manutenção de anticoagulantes orais em muitos casos e o emprego rigoroso de medidas hemostáticas locais permitem maior segurança e previsibilidade, tornando-se possível um tratamento eficaz sem comprometer a saúde sistêmica do paciente.
Referências
ANDRADE NK, et al. Bleeding Risk in Patients Using Oral Anticoagulants Undergoing Surgical Procedures in Dentistry: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2019; v. 10, p. 866.
BALLARDIN BS, et al. Atenção à saúde bucal de pacientes com coagulopatias hereditárias: a contribuição discente na reestruturação da assistência. Revista da ABENO, [S. l.], v. 23, n. 1, p. 1798, 2023.
BELLAVER VK, et al. The Importance Of Knowledge Of Von Willebrand's Disease And Hemophilia In Dentistry: A Narrative Review. AJES, 2020.
CESCONETTOLA, et al. Dental surgical care in blood dyscrasias patients: an epidemiological study. Revista Gaúcho Odontológica. 2021; 69: e20210058.
HARADA K, et al. A case of dental surgery intervention for a hemophilia A patient. International Journal of Oral Health Sciences, 2020; v. 10, n. 1, p. 45-49.
INCHINGOLO F, et al. Management of Patients Receiving Anticoagulation Therapy in Dental Practice: A Systematic Review. Healthcare, 2024; v. 12, n. 15, p. 1537.
LAINO L, et al. Surgical Risk on Patients with Coagulopathies: Guidelines on Hemophiliac Patients for Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery. International Journal of Environment Research and Public Health, 2020; v. 16, p. 1386.
LIRAS A, ROMEU L. Dental management of patients with haemophilia in the era of recombinant treatments: increased efficacy and decreased clinical risk. BMJ Case Reports, 2020; v. 12, e227974.
MENCIA JV, et al. Clinical practice guideline of the Spanish society of oral surgery for oral surgery in patients with coagulation disorders. Oral Surgery and Coagulopathies; Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2024; v. 29 (1): e58-66.
MIESBACH, Wolfgang. Perioperative management for patients with von Willebrand disease: Defining the optimal approach. European Journal of Haematology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2020. 105: 365–377.
NAGARAKANTI S, et al. Dental management of a patient with incidentally detected hemophilia: Report of a clinical case. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019; 23: 281-3.
OTRRIA L, et al. Exodontic surgery in patients with coagulation disorders: a literature review. Annali Di Stomatologia 2025; 16(2).
PESSOA et al. Dental Surgical Management Of Patients With Coagulopathies: An Update On The Literature. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, 2024; v. 6, p. 2959-2969.
PULLICARI F, et al. Pathological Background and Clinical Procedures in Oral Surgery Haemostasis Disorders: A Narrative Review. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 2076.
RÖMER P, et al. Bleeding disorders in implant dentistry: a narrative review and a treatment guide. International Journal of Implant Dentistry, 2022; 8:20.
SATYAM A, et al. Complement and coagulation cascades in trauma. Acute Medicine & Surgery 2019; 6: 329–335.
SHABESTARI S, et al. Knowledge and performance among dentists regarding coagulation tests in patients with hereditary bleeding disorders and patients on anticoagulant therapy. bloodj 2019; 8 (4): 286-292.
SHAMSIEV MK, et al. Dynamics Of Changes In The Functional State Of Hard Tissues In Patients With Hemophilia. International Conference “Science of the 21st century: society and digitalization, 2021.
SUNDARESAN D, et al. Dentistry for patients with haemophilia: Trialling a safe and economical change in management. Haemophilia. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2024.
UKAEGBU Kelechi. Management of Bleeding in Dental Surgery: A Mini Review. SVOA Dentistry 2024, 5:4, 158-163.
