Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico, microbiológico e de resistência antimicrobiana de pacientes oncológicos internados com neutropenia febril em um hospital privado, bem como identificar fatores associados à mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo realizado em um Hospital privado de Campo Grande (MS), incluindo pacientes adultos e idosos com neoplasias sólidas ou hematológicas que receberam antimicrobianos por suspeita de neutropenia febril entre janeiro/2024 e junho/2025. Foram empregadas estatísticas descritivas e analíticas por meio do cálculo de odds ratio (OR). Os desfechos principais foram a alta e a mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Resultados: Foram incluídos 61 pacientes, predominância feminina (57,4%) e de neoplasias hematológicas (72,1%). Hemocultura foi positiva em 15.9%, com destaque para Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus coagulase negativo e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resistência a fluoroquinolonas, cefepime e piperacilina–tazobactam foi frequente. A letalidade foi de 27,9%. Associaram-se ao óbito: hemocultura positiva (OR=12,6; p<0,01) e admissão em UTI (OR=17,9; p<0,001). Conclusão: Pacientes oncológicos com neutropenia febril apresentaram alta carga de infecções bacterianas e perfis relevantes de resistência antimicrobiana. Hemocultura positiva e necessidade de terapia intensiva foram os principais preditores de mortalidade, reforçando a necessidade de vigilância microbiológica e manejo intensivo precoce.
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