Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar a evolução do cateterismo cardíaco e suas principais aplicações na cardiologia contemporânea, com ênfase nos avanços diagnósticos, terapêuticos e tecnológicos da cardiologia intervencionista. Revisão bibliográfica: O cateterismo cardíaco teve início com experimentos pioneiros de cateterização intracardíaca, evoluindo progressivamente com o desenvolvimento de técnicas angiográficas, da coronariografia seletiva e da angioplastia coronariana. Ao longo das décadas, a incorporação de stents, métodos de imagem intracoronária e avaliação fisiológica das estenoses coronarianas ampliou sua aplicabilidade clínica e aprimorou sua aplicação clínica em diferentes contextos assistenciais. Mais recentemente, novas tecnologias, como inteligência artificial, robótica, litotripsia intravascular e balões farmacológicos, têm contribuído para maior precisão diagnóstica, melhor planejamento terapêutico e ampliação das possibilidades de intervenção. Esse processo transformou o cateterismo cardíaco de um método predominantemente diagnóstico em uma abordagem progressivamente mais integrada, com aplicações diagnósticas e terapêuticas cada vez mais precisas. Considerações finais: O cateterismo cardíaco consolidou-se como ferramenta central na prática cardiovascular contemporânea, com perspectivas de expansão sustentadas pela incorporação de tecnologias que ampliam sua segurança, precisão e integração clínica.
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