Abstract
Objective: The authors sought to review in the literature the pathophysiology, clinical status and treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis in pediatric patients. Methods: This is an observational study, in which a literary review of 53 articles was carried out, covering the studies published in the last 10 years. Results: Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic inflammatory esophageal disease, histologically characterized by infiltration of isolated eosinophils in the mucosa of the esophagus. Common pathogenesis in children with important contribution of genetic and environmental factors. The diagnosis is made through upper digestive endoscopy (EDA), based on the histology of the biopsies collected. New guidelines have defended the effectiveness of treatments with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), corticosteroids and dietary restriction diets, presenting good clinical and histological response. Conclusion: A better understanding of the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment allowed to improve the prognosis of the children with this current underdiagnosed condition.