Keywords
Neuroplasticity
Physical exercise
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Aging
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Abstract
Objective: To verify the influence of physical exercise on hippocampal neuroplasticity in older adults by evaluating morphofunctional changes and brain connectivity. Methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials was conducted, involving older adults without cognitive decline. The search was carried out in various databases using specific descriptors. The included studies were analyzed regarding the impact of physical exercise on hippocampal volume and connectivity, using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), with bias assessment and statistical analysis. Results: The meta-analysis included 14 studies with a total of 1,773 participants. The results did not demonstrate a significant relationship between physical exercise and an increase in hippocampal volume or hippocampal connectivity. Final considerations: No cause-and-effect relationship was observed between physical exercise and an increase in hippocampal volume or hippocampal connectivity using MRI or fMRI. The improvement in cognition stimulated by physical exercise in older adults may be related to neuroplasticity mechanisms that have not yet been identified by neuroimaging exams.
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