Hypertensive syndromes in pregnancy: prevention strategies and their maternal-fetal impacts

Abstract

Objective: To conduct an integrative literature review to identify preventive strategies for hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, analyzing their effectiveness and implications for maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: An integrative review of the literature published in the last seven years was conducted, searching the BVS, SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS databases. The descriptors used were pregnancy complications, eclampsia, preeclampsia, prevention, and gestational hypertension, combined by the Boolean operators "AND" and "AND." After applying the year of publication filter and combining the descriptors, 13 articles available in full, in Portuguese or English, were selected. Results: The evidence indicated several preventive strategies applicable by the multidisciplinary team, highlighting educational actions, early screening, guidance on healthy habits, and adequate supplementation. These measures proved effective in reducing and preventing hypertensive disorders and resulting in reduced maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Final considerations: The adoption of effective preventive strategies by the multidisciplinary team is essential to minimize the negative impacts of hypertensive syndromes during pregnancy, promoting maternal and fetal health and reducing associated morbidity and mortality.