Abstract
Objective: To analyze the factors associated with neonatal mortality in newborns with low birth weight. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, with low birth weight newborns who died in the first 27 days of life in the period from 2011 to 2014. Data were collected in the Live Birth Information System and Mortality Information System. Deterministic linkage unified the data of the two systems. For the analysis of the effect of covariables on the strength of neonatal mortality in low birth weight newborns, simple regression was applied. And, later, logistic regression. The variables tested in the regression models were selected when they presented statistical significance for p values ≤ 0.05, as well as the presence of adjustment variables. Results: The following factors were associated with neonatal mortality: male gender; vaginal delivery; 1 to 6 prenatal consultations; birth weight between 500 to 999 grams; Apgar less than seven and the presence of congenital anomaly. Conclusions: The occurrence of neonatal death in newborns with low weight is related to the quality of care during pregnancy, childbirth and the newborn.