Abstract
Objective: To identify in the literature the main causes of absenteeism by teachers. Methods: Integrative review, data collection was carried out from July to November 2019, using via the Virtual Health Library (VHL) the Latin American Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF) and data from the Virtual Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases. The descriptors were used to conduct the survey: Teachers, Absenteeism, Medical License and Worker Health. The time period of the survey was from 2015 to 2019. The articles were available in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Results: The research on absenteeism by teachers showed that the reasons that most led to the abandonment of work were health problems, according to the studies analyzed, emotional (22%), respiratory (17%) and devaluation (9%) also problems were pointed out. Vocal problems and work overload corresponded to 26% of the causes evidenced in the survey. The working conditions to which teachers are submitted on some occasions end up causing them to become ill and later to withdraw from the function. Final considerations: The lack of interest of students, lack of institutional support and recognition of their efforts are other factors that also contribute to the removal from work.