Abstract
Objective: To carry out a review of the history of Pediculosis and its treatment, from its emergence to the present day. Bibliographic review: Lice infection has been known to man for thousands of years, and since then, it has been causing serious health problems, such as intense itching, impetigo, as well as an emotional impact on the infected patient. Several articles report the first findings of Pediculosis in the world, as well as the attempt of various treatments, from the oldest to the most current in the literature, aiming to eradicate the parasite, and to minimize the consequences on the affected person. Final considerations: Although Pediculosis has existed for thousands of years, several treatments have been proposed, however, none guarantee complete effectiveness, not even the most current ones. Therefore, continuous studies are essential, aiming to completely control and eradicate this ectoparasitosis, in order to avoid serious problems for public health and especially for the affected children.