Abstract
Objective: To identify the factors that interfere with women's non-adherence to the Papanicolaou test. Methods: This is an integrative review, carried out in a paired manner in the CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE databases and the Scielo virtual library, between May and August 2021 through the Descriptors in Women's Health, Papanicolaou Test Uterine Cervical Neoplasms and Risk Factors, crossed by the Boolean operator and. 19 articles were selected for the final sample. Results: Several factors were identified as predictors of non-adherence to the Pap smear, including: low income, education, age, lack of knowledge about the test, not having a partner, use of tobacco, alcohol and other drugs, shame or fear of the procedure, believing that they are in good health, difficulty in accessing services and lack of comprehensive care. Final considerations: It is noticed that the factors associated with non-adherence to the Pap smear test refer to the presence of social and racial inequalities, individual factors, conditions and provision of deficient health services, in addition to insufficient coverage of the test; therefore, it is necessary to carry out educational actions to sensitize the population about the importance of performing the exam for early detection, timely treatment of the disease and carrying out an active search.