Palabras clave
Plasmodium vivax
Vigilancia de medicamentos
Antipalúdicos
Epidemiología
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Describir el perfil epidemiológico de los pacientes infectados con malaria en Porto Velho y la susceptibilidad de Plasmodium spp. a diferentes clases de fármacos utilizados en los métodos de tratamiento actuales. Métodos: 708 pacientes infectados con malaria fueron atendidos en el Centro de Medicina Tropical de Porto Velho, donde respondieron cuestionarios epidemiológicos estandarizados. Construyeronse mapas utilizando la información de residencia de 199 pacientes. La concentración inhibidora (CI50) de dihidroartemisinina, cloroquina, mefloquina y lumefantrina se evaluó mediante el ensayo de maduración de esquizontes. Resultados: Mayor prevalencia de infección por Plasmodium spp. entre hombres, jóvenes, con episodios recurrentes de malaria y residentes de áreas urbanas. La especie más prevalente fue P. vivax seguida de P. falciparum. P. falciparum mostró resistencia solo a la cloroquina (CQ) con mediana IC50 (MD de CI50) = 119,8 nM, mientras que P. vivax mostró sensibilidad a todas las drogas (MD de CI50 < 10; 100; 30; y 150 nM para dihidroartemisinina, CQ, mefloquina y lumefantrina). Conclusión: Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión de la enfermedad por parte de las agencias de salud pública del municipio, en la literatura y vigilancia sobre quimiosensibilidad a Plasmodium y en los procesos de toma de decisiones de los gestores municipales.
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