Palabras clave
Comportamiento Sexual de Riesgo
Factores de Riesgo
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el comportamiento sexual de riesgo (CSR) entre adolescentes escolares de Piauí, caracterizando la prevalencia y los factores asociados. Métodos: Estudio transversal con datos secundarios de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud del Escolar, edición 2019. Se recopilaron variables sociodemográficas, comportamentales, de salud sexual y de sociabilidad, además de la autoimagen corporal. Se consideró CSR la no utilización de preservativo en la última relación sexual. Se utilizó regresión logística múltiple, con cálculo de odds ratio ajustada (ORaj) e intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%). Resultados: La prevalencia de CSR fue del 41,0%. Se observó asociación del CSR con el sexo masculino (ORaj=1,27; IC95% 1,05;1,48), consumo de alcohol (ORaj=2,24; IC95% 2,13;2,54), tabaco (ORaj=1,70; IC95% 1,56;1,97), drogas ilícitas (ORaj=1,45; IC95% 1,18;1,86), satisfacción respecto al propio cuerpo (ORaj=1,47; IC95% 1,08;1,65), no uso de preservativo en la primera relación (ORaj=11,45; IC95% 8,97;16,4) y autopercepción del cuerpo como gordo (ORaj=0,75; IC95% 0,57;0,96). Conclusión: La prevalencia del CSR fue elevada, y se asoció con factores demográficos, comportamentales y de salud sexual en los adolescentes. Los datos demuestran la necesidad de intervenciones en la promoción de la salud entre los adolescentes a través de un enfoque multifactorial para prevenir comportamientos de riesgo en los jóvenes.
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