Resumen
Objetivo: El estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los patrones de reclutamiento de los músculos longissimus lumbar (Long), iliocostal (Ilio) y glúteo medio (Gme) de ambos lados (Cv y Cx) de la columna lumbar de adolescentes con escoliosis, durante los movimientos de sentarse a pararse y de marcha, y correlacionar su activación mioeléctrica con la magnitud de la escoliosis. Métodos: Quince adolescentes diestros (4 hombres; edad: 14,7 ± 1,9 años) participaron en el estudio. La raíz media cuadrática se extrajo de 1 minuto de las señales de sEMG en cada tarea motora. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los lados Cv y Cx para el Long durante los movimientos de ponerse de pie (P=0,026) y sentarse (P=0,015). También hubo una diferencia significativa en el reclutamiento del Long al inicio de la fase de apoyo de la marcha (P=0,007). La actividad del Ilio en el lado Cx se correlacionó con el ángulo de Cobb durante la postura de pie (P=0,003; r=0,71) y sentada (P=0,03; r=0,55). Conclusión: El Long mostró un reclutamiento asimétrico, más pronunciado en la convexidad. El sEMG del Ilio se correlacionó positivamente con el ángulo de Cobb, indicando potencialmente la progresión de la curva escoliótica.
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