Palabras clave
Osteoartritis
Rodilla
Laserterapia
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar la eficacia de la terapia láser de alta potencia (HILT) y de baja potencia (LLLT) en el alivio del dolor y la mejora de la función en individuos con osteoartritis (OA) de rodilla a partir de los estudios clínicos más recientes sobre el tema. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo utilizando las bases de datos de PubMed, SciELO y PEDro. Resultados: Las búsquedas en las bases mencionadas arrojaron un total de 54 artículos; uno de los artículos encontrados correspondía a una revisión sistemática, la cual detalló 7 estudios, totalizando 61 estudios. Se realizó una exclusión rigurosa, e incluyeron en esta revisión 10 ensayos clínicos, de los cuales 6 ensayos sobre LLLT y 4 sobre HILT. Conclusión: Esta revisión destaca la eficacia del LLLT infrarrojo y del HILT en el tratamiento de la osteoartritis de rodilla. Ambos métodos muestran beneficios en el alivio del dolor y la mejora funcional, que se potencian cuando se combinan con terapias complementarias como el ejercicio físico.
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