Palabras clave
Control glucémico
Diabetes mellitus
Educación alimentaria y nutricional
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar las estrategias educativas utilizadas por los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud que influyen en las elecciones alimentarias y en la adherencia al tratamiento nutricional de las personas con diabetes mellitus. Métodos: Revisión del alcance con búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos MedLine a través de PubMed, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library y literatura gris, en junio de 2024. El proceso se guió por la metodología propuesta por JBI y las directrices de PRISMA-ScR, y fue realizado por dos revisores de forma independiente, con la ayuda de un gestor de referencias. Resultados: Se identificaron 1094 títulos y, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión, se mantuvieron 18 estudios publicados entre 2002 y 2024. Los estudios incluidos tienen diseños cualitativos, métodos mixtos, experimentales, cuasi experimentales y revisiones sistemáticas. La información se agrupó en un cuadro con resultados cualitativos. Consideraciones finales: Las estrategias educativas, con especial énfasis en las actividades colectivas incorporadas en la atención primaria de salud, contribuirán al conocimiento, la autogestión y las habilidades necesarias para el control de la diabetes.
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