Palabras clave
Máscara laríngea
Manejo de la vía aérea
Cómo citar
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Resumen
Objetivo: Identificar lo que la literatura actual describe sobre el uso de la máscara laríngea (ML) en situaciones de paro cardiorrespiratorio (PCR). Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integrativa de la literatura. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo en las bases PubMed y Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), utilizando descriptores específicos y limitando los resultados entre 2014 y 2024. Se identificaron 128 artículos en la BVS y 118 en PubMed. Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, 10 estudios formaron la muestra final. Resultados: Los estudios muestran que la ML presenta altas tasas de éxito de inserción, ventilación rápida y facilidad de uso, constituyéndose en una alternativa eficaz a la intubación orotraqueal (IOT) en emergencias. La evidencia indica que la ML reduce las interrupciones en las compresiones torácicas, favorece la ventilación eficaz y requiere menor complejidad técnica. En entornos prehospitalarios, destaca por agilizar el manejo de la vía aérea y mejorar la eficiencia operativa. Consideraciones finales: La ML ha demostrado resultados prometedores en la PCR, superando a la IOT en varios parámetros. Sin embargo, la escasez de estudios en Brasil refuerza la necesidad de investigaciones nacionales que evalúen su aplicación y sus efectos en el contexto sanitario local.
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