Keywords
Neonatal Mortality
Neonatal Intensive Care Units
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Abstract
Objective: To know the predisposing factors of neonatal mortality as a subsidy for structuring care and directing actions according to the specificities and priorities of this group. Methods: A search for scientific articles was carried out in March and April 2021 on the PubMed, BVS, Medline and Scielo platforms with the Health Science Descriptors: “Risk Factors AND Neonatal Mortality AND Neonatal Intensive Care Units” in the languages Portuguese and English. Results: The main risk factors for neonatal mortality were male gender, low birth weight, low Apgar score at birth, congenital anomalies, respiratory distress syndrome and infections. Studies indicate that there has been an increase in statistics on deaths in newborns weighing less than 2,000 grams. Final considerations: Children with congenital malformation had a higher incidence of death compared to those who did not. These risk factors are considered preventable and therefore, it is important that health professionals carry out health education to improve access to prenatal care in order to reduce risks and changes in pregnancies, preventing premature births and complications, thus reducing neonatal mortality.
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