Keywords
Intensive care unit
Adults
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of delirium in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Bibliographic review: Delirium, a form of acute brain dysfunction, is a common and complex problem in the (ICU), being characterized as a disturbance that develops in a short period of time, fluctuates and represents an acute change in basic attention and awareness. The incidence of delirium in the ICU ranges from 45 to 87% and the highest incidence rate is found in ICU patients undergoing mechanical ventilation reaching more than 80%. Delirium can present as hyperactive or hypoactive states and can fluctuate between the two as mixed delirium. Final considerations: Delirium is a serious problem in the ICU and is associated with adverse outcomes such as higher mortality, longer hospital stay, higher costs and greater post-hospital cognitive decline. Thus, the prevention and treatment of delirium involve the identification and elimination of potential risk factors and non-pharmacological interventions, with the treatment applied in a time-limited manner and at the lowest possible dose for the management of highly stressful symptoms or behavior of delirium high risk.
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