Palabras clave
Microbiota intestinal
Sustancias terapéuticas
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Resumen
Objetivo: Describir la producción científica sobre la alteración del microbiota intestinal por el uso de sustancias terapéuticas y su influencia en los trastornos neurodegenerativos. Métodos: Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura. La recolección de datos se realizó utilizando las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PubMed) y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), con un marco temporal de 2012 a 2022. Resultados: Utilizando los descriptores establecidos, se obtuvieron 121 artículos y de estos, 34 fueron excluidos por por no estar relacionado con el tema, 60 por ser reseñas, 8 por duplicidad en bases de datos y 1 por estar fuera de horario. Finalmente, se seleccionaron 18 artículos para componer el grupo de muestra. Los resultados se organizaron en tres categorías: Importancia del microbiota intestinal para el sistema nervioso, Sustancias terapéuticas y la alteración de la microbiota intestinal e Impacto de la alteración del microbiota intestinal en los trastornos neurodegenerativos. Consideraciones finales: El microbiota intestinal juega un papel fundamental en el eje cerebro-intestino, demostrando que la disbiosis está relacionada con patologías neurodegenerativas. Los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC), el β-glucano y los probióticos tienen una especial influencia en la enfermedad de Parkinson y la enfermedad de Alzheimer, con prevención, mejora del estado y retraso de la evolución.
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