Palabras clave
Cáncer de Mama
Trastornos Mentales
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Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la influencia mutua entre el tratamiento del cáncer de mama y los trastornos mentales en pacientes sanos. Métodos: Se trata de una revisión integradora, en la que se seleccionaron artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 5 años de las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y BVS, utilizando los descriptores “mujeres ancianas”, “tratamiento”, “cáncer de mama” y “trastornos mentales”. La cuidadosa búsqueda integradora dio como resultado 1400 artículos. Después de aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad, se incluyeron 20 estudios. Resultados: Los artículos encontrados se dividieron en dos grupos: el primer grupo evaluó un aumento en la prevalencia de depresión y ansiedad y un impacto negativo en la función cognitiva en pacientes en tratamiento por cáncer de mama; En el segundo grupo, los trastornos mentales se asociaron con una mayor mortalidad por cáncer de mama y peores resultados de la enfermedad (mayor tiempo de hospitalización y riesgo de infecciones posquirúrgicas), con una asociación de fármacos psiquiátricos con un mayor riesgo de aparición de cáncer de mama. Consideraciones finales: La influencia mutua entre el tratamiento del cáncer de mama y los trastornos mentales en pacientes de edad avanzada es evidente, con impactos negativos de forma bilateral.
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