Palavras-chave
Doenças cardiovasculares
Resistência à insulina
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar as repercussões fisiopatológicas da Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos no desenvolvimento de complicações cardiovasculares. Revisão bibliográfica: A SOP caracteriza-se por um ambiente fisiopatológico complexo, marcado pela interação entre resistência à insulina, hiperinsulinemia compensatória e hiperandrogenismo, os quais atuam como determinantes centrais para o desenvolvimento de dislipidemia, hipertensão arterial, adiposidade visceral e estresse oxidativo. Fármacos como a metformina e os agonistas do receptor de GLP-1 demonstram efeitos benéficos sobre a sensibilidade à insulina, controle ponderal, perfil lipídico e marcadores vasculares. Em contrapartida, terapias como os contraceptivos orais combinados exigem cautela devido a possíveis repercussões metabólicas e tromboembólicas. A despeito da melhora em marcadores intermediários, a literatura ainda carece de evidências definitivas sobre a redução direta em eventos cardiovasculares maiores. Considerações finais: A SOP representa um fator de risco relevante para o comprometimento cardiovascular precoce em mulheres, evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias preventivas individualizadas e de novos estudos prospectivos de longo prazo para consolidar intervenções direcionadas a essa população.
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