Keywords
Desarrollo infantil
Revisión integradora
How to Cite
Copyright © | All rights reserved.
The journal holds the exclusive copyright for the publication of this article under the terms of Brazilian law 9610/98.
Partial reproduction
The use of parts of the texts, figures and questionnaire of the article is free, being mandatory the citation of the authors and journal.
Total reproduction
It is expressly prohibited and must be authorized by the journal.
Abstract
Objective: To describe, through clinical trials, the impact of screen time on child development. Methods: An integrative literature review was performed in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library (BVS) using the descriptors “screen time” AND “child development.” Original clinical trials published from 2018 to 2023, freely available in full text in English or Portuguese, were included. After applying eligibility criteria, 2 821 records were screened and 17 trials met inclusion criteria (6 from PubMed and 11 from BVS). Results: Excessive screen time was consistently associated with poorer cognitive performance, higher prevalence of inattention/ADHD symptoms, increased sedentary behavior, and elevated risk of overweight/obesity. Parent-focused guidance, school-based programs, and promotion of physical activity produced modest yet consistent reductions in screen exposure and improvements in physical and behavioral health indicators. Final considerations: There is consistent evidence that excessive screen use in childhood compromises cognitive and metabolic aspects. Multimodal strategies, such as limiting screen time, encouraging physical activity, and providing family education, are essential to mitigate these effects and foster healthy child development.
References
CHEN JY, et al. Screen time and autistic-like behaviors among preschool children in China. Psychol Health Med, 2021; 26(5): 607-620.
CONTRERAS DA, et al. Rural–urban differences in body mass index and obesity-related behaviors among low-income preschoolers. Journal of Public Health, 2020; 43(4): 637-644.
GONDIM EC, et al. Influências do uso de telas digitais no desenvolvimento social na primeira infância: estudo de revisão. Rev Enferm UERJ, 2022; 30(1): 67961.
HISH AJ, et al. Infant television watching predicts toddler television watching in a low-income population. Acad Pediatr, 2021; 21(6): 988-995.
ISTENIC A, et al. Parental perceptions of child’s play in the post-digital era: parents’ dilemma with digital formats informing the kindergarten curriculum. Education Sciences, 2023; 10(1).
JIANG Q, et al. Effect of applying best practices for physical activity and screen time to family childcare homes. Preventing Chronic Disease, 2023; 20: 2023.
MADIGAN S, et al. Association between screen time and children’s performance on a developmental screening test. JAMA Pediatr, 2019; 173(3): 244-250.
MARSH S, et al. Results of the 3 Pillars Study (3PS): a relationship-based programme targeting parent-child interactions, healthy lifestyle behaviours and the home environment in parents of preschool-aged children. PLoS One, 2020; 15(9): 238977.
NEVILLE RD, et al. Bidirectional associations between screen time and children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 2021; 62(12): 1475-1484.
NOBRE JNP, et al. Fatores determinantes no tempo de tela de crianças na primeira infância. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 2019; 26(3): 1127-1136.
NYSTRÖM CD, et al. Maternal knowledge explains screen time differences 2 and 3.5 years post-intervention in INFANT. Public Health Nutrition, 2021; 180(11): 3391-3398.
PEARSON N, et al. Reducing screen-time and unhealthy snacking in 9-11-year-old children: the Kids FIRST pilot randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 2020; 20: 62.
PUZIO D, et al. Raising the child—do screen media help or hinder? The quality-over-quantity hypothesis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022; 19(16): 8-11.
RAMER JD, et al. The convergent effects of primary school physical activity, sleep and recreational screen time on cognition and academic performance in grade 9. Front Hum Neurosci, 2022; 16: 1017598.
SANTANA M, et al. O impacto do tempo de tela no crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Revista Saúde em Foco, 2021; 14(1).
SILVANO L. A substituição do brincar: implicações do uso de tecnologias por crianças de 0 a 2 anos. Tese (Graduação em Psicologia) – Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, 2021; 55.
SBP. SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PEDIATRIA. Crianças no celular: saiba o tempo ideal para cada idade. SBP, 2022. Disponível em: https ://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/nid/criancas-no-celular-saiba-o-tempo-ideal-para-cada-idade/. Acessado em: 30 out. 2023.
SBP. SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE PEDIATRIA. SBP atualiza recomendações sobre saúde de crianças e adolescentes na era digital. SBP, 2020. Disponível em: https ://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/ni d/sbp-atualiza-recomendacoes-sobre-saude-de-criancas-e-adolescentes-na-era-digital/. Acessado em: 30 out. 2023.
SOUSA LL e CARVALHO JBM. Uso abusivo de telas na infância e suas consequências. Rev Eletr Acervo Saúde, 2023; 23(2): 11594.
TAMANA SK, et al. Screen-time is associated with inattention problems in preschoolers: results from the CHILD birth cohort study. PLoS One, 2019; 14(4): 213995.
TRAUB M, et al. Skipping breakfast, overconsumption of soft drinks and screen media: longitudinal analysis of the combined influence on weight development in primary schoolchildren. BMC Public Health, 2018; 18(1): 363.
TUCKER JM, et al. Evaluation of a primary care weight management program in children aged 2–5 years: changes in feeding practices, health behaviors and body mass index. Nutrients, 2019; 11(3): 565.
WACHIRA LJM, et al. Screen-based sedentary behaviour and adiposity among school children: results from the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) – Kenya. PLoS One, 2018; 13(6): 199790.