Palavras-chave
Tratamento Conservador
Descompressão Cirúrgica
Ultrassom
Como Citar
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Resumo
Objetivo: Comparar a eficácia de tratamentos conservadores versus cirúrgicos para a síndrome do túnel carpal (STC) e avaliar o papel do ultrassom no diagnóstico e monitoramento terapêutico. Métodos: Revisão sistemática conduzida conforme diretrizes PRISMA, incluindo 6 estudos (ECRs, coortes e revisões sistemáticas) recuperados do PubMed. Critérios de elegibilidade focaram em adultos com STC, comparando intervenções conservadoras (tala, terapia manual) e cirúrgicas. Desfechos incluíram redução de dor (EVA/NPRS), recuperação funcional (BCTQ), força de preensão e parâmetros eletrofisiológicos. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pela ferramenta MMAT. Resultados: Terapias conservadoras mostraram alívio significativo da dor em curto prazo (ΔEVA: 2,8–4,1, p<0,05) e melhora funcional em STC leve a moderada. A cirurgia apresentou eficácia superior a longo prazo (ΔEVA: −4,5 em 12 meses, p<0,001) em casos graves. Desfechos funcionais (BCTQ) foram equivalentes entre grupos em 12 meses. Heterogeneidade nos protocolos (ex.: tipos de tala) e subnotificação de dados eletrofisiológicos (28,6% dos estudos) limitaram comparações. Considerações finais: Tratamentos conservadores e cirúrgicos são complementares, com abordagens estratificadas recomendadas conforme gravidade. Métricas padronizadas e ensaios multicêntricos são necessários para otimizar diretrizes clínicas.
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