Keywords
Chronic kidney disease
Nephrocalcinosis
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Abstract
Objective: Describe the clinical case of a patient admitted to the Internal Medicine service of a tertiary hospital, diagnosed with Primary Hyperoxaluria, who developed renal, cardiac, intestinal, and hematological complications. Case details: A 35-year-old male patient was admitted to the Medical Clinic ward in 2021 for investigation of severe anemia, resistant to erythropoietin administration, associated with hepatosplenomegaly. He presented with complaints of asthenia, low back pain, and limitation of movement in the lower limbs. Admission laboratory results indicated anemia, renal insufficiency, hyperkalemia, and hypercalcemia. Abdominal CT showed diffuse renal calcification, calcification of the abdominal wall and iliac vessels, and bone marrow infiltration. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed infiltration by calcium oxalate. In 2023, a genetic test confirmed primary hyperoxaluria. Final considerations: The interaction between chronic kidney disease, complications associated with the formation of kidney stones, and oxalate overload in organs highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for proper diagnosis and treatment. Genetic follow-up, therapeutic management, and, in severe cases, transplant intervention are essential for the management of this challenging condition.
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