Palabras clave
Dieta basada en plantas
Salud intestinal
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Resumen
Objetivo: Describir la relación entre las dietas basadas en plantas y la modulación de la microbiota intestinal, destacando sus efectos sobre la diversificación microbiana, el metabolismo y la respuesta inmune. Métodos: En esta revisión integrativa, se consultó la base de datos PubMed para identificar y seleccionar estudios publicados entre 2020 y 2025. Los descriptores utilizados incluyeron “dieta basada en plantas” “and” “microbiota intestinal”. Los criterios de inclusión incluyeron estudios con diseños experimentales y revisiones sistemáticas que evaluaron la influencia de las dietas basadas en plantas en la microbiota intestinal. Resultados: Se incluyeron once artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión de la revisión, demostrando cómo una dieta basada en plantas puede influir en la composición y funcionalidad del microbioma intestinal humano. Conclusión: Las dietas basadas en plantas promueven un microbioma más diverso y funcional, asociado con un menor riesgo de enfermedades inflamatorias y metabólicas. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación para dilucidar los mecanismos implicados en estos cambios.
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