Resumen
Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica actual sobre los protocolos utilizados en el manejo de recién nacidos con síndrome de Edwards en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN), con énfasis en las principales conductas asistenciales y los desafíos clínicos encontrados. Revisión bibliográfica: Los estudios demuestran que el síndrome de Edwards presenta una elevada morbimortalidad neonatal, principalmente como consecuencia de complicaciones respiratorias y cardiovasculares. El manejo en la UCIN requiere una evaluación individualizada, monitorización continua y soporte intensivo, especialmente en el control de la insuficiencia respiratoria, de las cardiopatías congénitas y de la sepsis neonatal. Se evidencia la relevancia de la actuación multiprofesional, así como la integración entre los cuidados intensivos y paliativos y el apoyo psicológico a las familias. Conclusión: Aunque no existe un protocolo único aplicable a todos los neonatos con trisomía 18, las evidencias recientes ofrecen directrices que respaldan la toma de decisiones clínicas por parte de los equipos de salud, contribuyendo a una mayor estabilidad clínica y a la posible mejora de la calidad de vida de estos pacientes.
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