Sleep hygiene interventions in adolescents

Abstract

Objective: To map evidence on sleep hygiene interventions in adolescents, highlighting applied strategies, achieved outcomes, and knowledge gaps. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The PCC mnemonic was used as inclusion criteria, emphasizing the Population (adolescents aged 10–19 years, including athletes), the Concept (sleep hygiene interventions), and the Context (diverse environments, including schools, clinical and sports settings). The searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, BVS/Lilacs, EMBASE, and PsycINFO, without restriction of language or year. Data were extracted on study design, sample characteristics, type of intervention, and outcomes. Results: Eleven studies were included, predominantly randomized controlled trials and experimental studies. Interventions encompassed educational programs, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and participatory strategies. Improvements were observed in subjective measures, such as perceived sleep duration and quality, while objective outcomes were less robust. Secondary benefits included reduced anxiety and enhanced overall well-being. Persistent gaps were identified between increased knowledge and actual behavior change, indicating a need for individualized and culturally adapted approaches. Final considerations: Sleep hygiene interventions yield significant benefits for adolescents, particularly in subjective perceptions of sleep. Future research should explore objective measures and implementation barriers, with attention to vulnerable populations.