Resumen
Objetivo: Caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico, la estadificación y los patrones terapéuticos de las principales neoplasias ginecológicas, genitourinarias y anales registradas en establecimientos hospitalarios en Goiás entre 2019 y 2024. Métodos: Estudio ecológico, descriptivo y retrospectivo utilizando datos de TABNET/DATASUS de Goiás (2019–2024). Las características demográficas, la estadificación clínica y las modalidades terapéuticas de las principales neoplasias ginecológicas y genitourinarias se analizaron mediante análisis descriptivo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados: Se identificaron 10,001 casos de neoplasias, con predominio del cáncer de próstata, seguido de los cánceres de cuello uterino, ovario y cuerpo uterino. Se observó una alta frecuencia de diagnósticos en estadios avanzados en la mayoría de las neoplasias analizadas. Los cánceres de próstata, pene, ano, vagina y vulva ocurrieron predominantemente en pacientes mayores, mientras que el cáncer testicular afectó principalmente a adultos jóvenes. La cirugía fue la principal modalidad terapéutica, mientras que la quimioterapia predominó en los cánceres de próstata, cuello uterino y ano. Conclusión: Las principales neoplasias ginecológicas, genitourinarias y anales en Goiás mostraron una alta frecuencia de diagnóstico en estadios avanzados y diferencias en la edad y el perfil terapéutico. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la importancia de las estrategias de prevención, cribado y diagnóstico precoz, contribuyendo a la mejora de las políticas públicas dirigidas al control de estas neoplasias.
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