A manifestação da Síndrome de Guillain-Barré como complicação pós-infecciosa da Covid-19 em adultos: uma revisão narrativa
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Sep 10, 2022
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Objetivo: Correlacionar manifestações neurológicas que se enquadrem nos critérios diagnósticos da Síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) após infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Revisão bibliográfica: O SARS-CoV-2 pode induzir danos diretos e indiretos em estruturas teciduais, especialmente do Sistema Nervoso Periférico (SNP), ocasionando lesões teciduais, danos neurais, inflamação e até autoimunidade. A extensa liberação de citocinas inflamatórias na infecção causada pelo SARS-CoV-2 pode fazer parte da imunopatologia por trás da ocorrência da SGB pós-Covid-19. O mecanismo de mimetismo molecular viral é descrito como o mais provável na patogênese da SGB a partir da Covid-19. Isso porque os anticorpos produzidos contra glicoproteínas presentes na estrutura do SARS-CoV-2 podem danificar os nervos periféricos do hospedeiro devido à semelhança com as proteínas nativas. Como consequência, há formação de células B e T autorreativas. Sendo assim, os anticorpos formados reagem de maneira cruzada e acabam danificando células do SNP. Considerações finais: A reação inflamatória e a resposta imunológica contra o SARS-CoV-2 podem desencadear síndromes autoimunes como a SGB.
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Como Citar
SousaE. M., FonsecaM. H. B., & Rocha SobrinhoH. M. da. (2022). A manifestação da Síndrome de Guillain-Barré como complicação pós-infecciosa da Covid-19 em adultos: uma revisão narrativa. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 15(9), e10881. https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e10881.2022
Seção
Revisão Bibliográfica
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Referências
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8. CHAKRABORTY U, et al. Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome: A series of a relatively uncommon neurological complication. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2021; 15(6): 102326.
9. DUFOUR C. GM1 ganglioside antibody and Covid-19 related Guillain Barre Syndrome - A case report, systemic review and implication for vaccine development. Brain Behav Immun Health, 2021; 12: 100203.
10. ELZOUKI AN, et al. Covid-19 infection presented as Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Report of two new cases and review of 116 reported cases and case series. Travel Med Infect Dis, 2021; 44: 102169.
11. GARCIA JJ, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin in Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in pregnancy. BMJ Case Rep, 2021; 14(5): e242365.
12. GHANNAM M, et al. Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review. J Neurol, 2020; 267(11): 3135-3153.
13. GOUDARZI S, et al. Treatment Options for Covid-19-Related Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Literature. Neurologist, 2021; 26(5): 196-224.
14. GUPTA A, et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of Covid-19. Nat Med, 2020; 26(7): 1017-1032.
15. GUPTA S, et al. Treatment related fluctuation and response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in post Covid-19 Guillain-Barre syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2021; 15(5): 102246.
16. JHA NK, et al. Evidence of Coronavirus (CoV) Pathogenesis and Emerging Pathogen SARS-CoV-2 in the Nervous System: A Review on Neurological Impairments and Manifestations. J Mol Neurosci, 2021; 71(11): 2192-2209.
17. KOIKE H, KATSUNO M. Emerging infectious diseases, vaccines and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol, 2021; 10.1111/cen3.12644.
18. LANTOS JE, et al. Covid-19-Associated Miller Fisher Syndrome: MRI Findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2020; 41(7): 1184-1186.
19. LEHMANN HC, et al. Neuromuscular complications of SARS-CoV-2 infections-Part 1: peripheral nerves. Nervenarzt, 2021; 92(6): 540-547.
20. LI YC, et al. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of Covid-19 patients. J Med Virol, 2020; 92(6): 552-555.
21. LIU Y, et al. Covid-19 and autoimmune diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2021; 33(2): 155-162.
22. LUCCHESE G, FLÖEL A. SARS-CoV-2 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: molecular mimicry with human heat shock proteins as potential pathogenic mechanism. Cell Stress Chaperones, 2020; 25(5): 731-735.
23. MACKENZIE N, et al. Concomitant Guillain-Barre syndrome with Covid-19: a case report. BMC Neurol, 2021; 21(1): 135.
24. MEDEIROS KS, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review. Rev Assoc Med Bras, 2021; 67(2): 318-334.
25. MEHTA SK, SUNDER A. Getting paralysed after Covid: Guillain-Barre syndrome. J Family Med Prim Care, 2021; 10(7): 2706-2708.
26. MOHAMMADI S, et al. Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol, 2020; 57(12): 5263-5275.
27. MOHAMMADI SM, et al. Guillain-Barré/Miller Fisher overlap syndrome in a patient after coronavirus disease-2019 infection: a case report. J Med Case Rep, 2022; 16(1): 63.
28. MONTIEL-JAROLÍN DE, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré asociado a la infección por el SARS-CoV-2, en paciente con diagnóstico diferencial por dengue. Revista de Salud Publica del Paraguay, 2021; 11(1): 112-116.
29. PADRÓN-GONZÁLEZ AA, DORTA-CONTRERAS AJ. Patogenia de las manifestaciones neurológicas asociadas al SARS-CoV-2. Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 2020; 39(3): e868.
30. RAJDEV K, et al. A Case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated With Covid-19. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep, 2020; 8: 2324709620961198.
31. RIGO D, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré: perfil clínico epidemiológico e assistência de enfermagem. Enf. Global, 2019; 19(1): 346-389.
32. SEGURA-CHÁVEZ D, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré e infección por SARS-CoV-2: reporte de dos casos en Perú. Rev Neuropsiquiatr, 2021; 84(1): 58-63.
33. SHAH S, et al. Autoimmune and rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases as a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its treatment. Rheumatol Int, 2020; 40(10): 1539-1554.
34. TEKIN AB, et al. Guillain Barre Syndrome following delivery in a pregnant woman infected with SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Neurosci, 2021; 86: 190-192.
35. YANG X, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med, 2020; 8(5): 475-481.
36. ZITO A, et al. Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Front Neurol, 2020; 11: 909.
37. ZUBAIR AS, et al. Neuropathogenesis and Neurologic Manifestations of the Coronaviruses in the Age of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review. JAMA Neurol, 2020; 77(8): 1018-1027.
2. ABU-RUMEILEH S, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome spectrum associated with Covid-19: an up-to-date systematic review of 73 cases. J Neurol, 2021; 268(4): 1133-1170.
3. ATAKLA HG, et al. Acute Guillain-Barré polyradiculoneuritis indicative of Covid-19 infection: a case report. Pan Afr Med J, 2020; 35(Suppl 2): 150.
4. BIGAUT K, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm. 2020; 7(5): e785.
5. BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. CONITEC. 2021. Disponível em: http://conitec.gov.br/images/Protocolos/Publicacoes_MS/20210713_Publicacao_Guillian_Barre.pdf. Acessado em: 2 de junho de 2022.
6. CARESS JB, et al. Covid‐19–associated Guillain‐Barré syndrome: The early pandemic experience. Muscle & nerve, 2020; 62(4): 485-491.
7. CHAKRABORTY N, KUMAR H. Intravenous Immunoglobulin may Reverse Multisystem Inflammation in Covid-19 Pneumonitis and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Indian J Crit Care Med, 2020; 24(12): 1264-1268.
8. CHAKRABORTY U, et al. Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome: A series of a relatively uncommon neurological complication. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2021; 15(6): 102326.
9. DUFOUR C. GM1 ganglioside antibody and Covid-19 related Guillain Barre Syndrome - A case report, systemic review and implication for vaccine development. Brain Behav Immun Health, 2021; 12: 100203.
10. ELZOUKI AN, et al. Covid-19 infection presented as Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Report of two new cases and review of 116 reported cases and case series. Travel Med Infect Dis, 2021; 44: 102169.
11. GARCIA JJ, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin in Covid-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in pregnancy. BMJ Case Rep, 2021; 14(5): e242365.
12. GHANNAM M, et al. Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review. J Neurol, 2020; 267(11): 3135-3153.
13. GOUDARZI S, et al. Treatment Options for Covid-19-Related Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Literature. Neurologist, 2021; 26(5): 196-224.
14. GUPTA A, et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of Covid-19. Nat Med, 2020; 26(7): 1017-1032.
15. GUPTA S, et al. Treatment related fluctuation and response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in post Covid-19 Guillain-Barre syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2021; 15(5): 102246.
16. JHA NK, et al. Evidence of Coronavirus (CoV) Pathogenesis and Emerging Pathogen SARS-CoV-2 in the Nervous System: A Review on Neurological Impairments and Manifestations. J Mol Neurosci, 2021; 71(11): 2192-2209.
17. KOIKE H, KATSUNO M. Emerging infectious diseases, vaccines and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol, 2021; 10.1111/cen3.12644.
18. LANTOS JE, et al. Covid-19-Associated Miller Fisher Syndrome: MRI Findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2020; 41(7): 1184-1186.
19. LEHMANN HC, et al. Neuromuscular complications of SARS-CoV-2 infections-Part 1: peripheral nerves. Nervenarzt, 2021; 92(6): 540-547.
20. LI YC, et al. The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of Covid-19 patients. J Med Virol, 2020; 92(6): 552-555.
21. LIU Y, et al. Covid-19 and autoimmune diseases. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2021; 33(2): 155-162.
22. LUCCHESE G, FLÖEL A. SARS-CoV-2 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: molecular mimicry with human heat shock proteins as potential pathogenic mechanism. Cell Stress Chaperones, 2020; 25(5): 731-735.
23. MACKENZIE N, et al. Concomitant Guillain-Barre syndrome with Covid-19: a case report. BMC Neurol, 2021; 21(1): 135.
24. MEDEIROS KS, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a scoping review. Rev Assoc Med Bras, 2021; 67(2): 318-334.
25. MEHTA SK, SUNDER A. Getting paralysed after Covid: Guillain-Barre syndrome. J Family Med Prim Care, 2021; 10(7): 2706-2708.
26. MOHAMMADI S, et al. Understanding the Immunologic Characteristics of Neurologic Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 and Potential Immunological Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol, 2020; 57(12): 5263-5275.
27. MOHAMMADI SM, et al. Guillain-Barré/Miller Fisher overlap syndrome in a patient after coronavirus disease-2019 infection: a case report. J Med Case Rep, 2022; 16(1): 63.
28. MONTIEL-JAROLÍN DE, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré asociado a la infección por el SARS-CoV-2, en paciente con diagnóstico diferencial por dengue. Revista de Salud Publica del Paraguay, 2021; 11(1): 112-116.
29. PADRÓN-GONZÁLEZ AA, DORTA-CONTRERAS AJ. Patogenia de las manifestaciones neurológicas asociadas al SARS-CoV-2. Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 2020; 39(3): e868.
30. RAJDEV K, et al. A Case of Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated With Covid-19. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep, 2020; 8: 2324709620961198.
31. RIGO D, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré: perfil clínico epidemiológico e assistência de enfermagem. Enf. Global, 2019; 19(1): 346-389.
32. SEGURA-CHÁVEZ D, et al. Síndrome de Guillain Barré e infección por SARS-CoV-2: reporte de dos casos en Perú. Rev Neuropsiquiatr, 2021; 84(1): 58-63.
33. SHAH S, et al. Autoimmune and rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases as a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its treatment. Rheumatol Int, 2020; 40(10): 1539-1554.
34. TEKIN AB, et al. Guillain Barre Syndrome following delivery in a pregnant woman infected with SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Neurosci, 2021; 86: 190-192.
35. YANG X, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med, 2020; 8(5): 475-481.
36. ZITO A, et al. Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Front Neurol, 2020; 11: 909.
37. ZUBAIR AS, et al. Neuropathogenesis and Neurologic Manifestations of the Coronaviruses in the Age of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review. JAMA Neurol, 2020; 77(8): 1018-1027.