Uma abordagem geral da Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos: revisão de literatura
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar as características da Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP). Revisão bibliográfica: A SOP afeta mulheres de todas as raças e etnias em idade reprodutiva com taxas de prevalência tão altas quanto 21% relatadas em uma variedade de populações A etiologia da SOP é pouco compreendida, embora a SOP seja considerada uma característica genética complexa poligênica. A patogênese da SOP geralmente envolve a resistência à insulina, que leva a várias anormalidades cardiometabólicas (por exemplo, dislipidemia, hipertensão, intolerância à glicose, diabetes e síndrome metabólica), colocando as mulheres em risco aumentado de doença cardiovascular. Considerações finais: A SOP é o transtorno endócrino mais comum em mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Seu diagnóstico é baseado na presença de hiperandrogenismo clínico e/ou bioquímico e na disfunção ovariana definida como anormalidades menstruais (oligomenorreia anovulatória) ou/e a presença da morfologia do ovário policístico na ultrassonografia. O tratamento da SOP é baseado na mudança de estilo de vida com perda de peso para mulheres obesas. Além disso, podem ser administrados anticoncepcionais orais combinados e Metformina a fim de controlar os sintomas de hiperandrogenismo e resistência a insulina.
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