Reposicionamento de fármacos: um estudo sobre o ambroxol
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Resumo
Objetivo: Reunir evidências e identificar abordagens científicas que justifiquem o uso do ambroxol para outras finalidades terapêuticas. Métodos: Tratou-se de revisão da literatura do tipo integrativa e teve como base de dados a Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Science Direct e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO) e foram incluídos estudos identificados por busca manual. Resultados: Preliminarmente 162 trabalhos foram recuperados sendo 20 artigos incluídos. Foi identificado mecanismos de ação ao ambroxol relacionados a interação com proteínas de entrada viral; com etapas de reparo de enzimas com função chaperona; modulação de canais iônicos; antioxidante; anti-inflamatório; analgésico; anestésico e imunomoduladora. As pesquisas associaram o uso de altas doses de ambroxol como possibilidade segura para tratamento, prevenção e/ou como adjuvante em doenças como COVID-19, Parkinson, Gaucher, alívio da dor e como novas perspectivas de uso para o Sistema Respiratório. Considerações finais: O reposicionamento do ambroxol é uma possibilidade vantajosa e se qualifica como uma alternativa de sucesso a novas abordagens de tratamento terapêuticos, onde os diferentes mecanismos de ação explorados do ABX o capacitam como uma alternativa de uso combinado com outras terapias.
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