Jabuticaba (Plinia sp.): o seu consumo proporciona efeitos benéficos à saúde?
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Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever compostos bioativos presentes em três espécies da Plinia sp. e investigar os seus benefícios à saúde. Métodos: Estudo de revisão de literatura com busca no Pubmed/Medline e ScienceDirect a partir dos descritores ('jabuticaba' OR 'jaboticaba' OR 'Plinia sp.' OR ') AND ('composition' OR 'characterization') AND ('benefícios a saúde') sem limite de tempo. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês que avaliassem qualquer parte da fruta de três espécies de Plinia sp. (P. cauliflora, P. trunciflora e P. jaboticaba). Resultados: A fruta é rica em compostos fenólicos totais com grande quantidade de antocianinas na casca. A capacidade antioxidante das três espécies foi demonstrada por diferentes métodos e a atividade biológica foi relatada em 20 estudos. Além disto, foram demonstrados efeitos benéficos no metabolismo lipídico, glicídico, efeitos antiobesidade e anti-inflamatório, bem como ação benéfica nos sistemas cerebral e cardíaco. Ademais, apresentam ação contra bactérias patogênicas e melhora no microbioma, sem apresentar toxicidade. Considerações finais: Plinia sp. tem potencial para ser utilizada pela indústria farmacêutica por suas características bioativas devido à presença de compostos funcionais, ou na indústria alimentícia pelos altos teores de antocianinas.
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