Asociación de factores de virulencia de Helicobacter pylori con diferentes enfermedades gastrointestinales
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate Helicobacter pylori and its virulence factors, given the significant increase in its presence in gastrointestinal diseases. Bibliographic review: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium of probable oro-fecal transmission that colonizes the stomach of most people. This attacks epithelial cells of the stomach mucosa, and may be asymptomatic or cause various injuries in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the prevalence of its infection varies according to the presence of certain virulence factors produced by it. Bacterial genes are classified into different types based on the presence and expression level of CagA and VacA, cytotoxins that encode several virulence factors. In addition, they produce inflammatory mediators responsible for facilitating oncogenesis. The most common clinical picture is gastritis, which may lead to the appearance of peptic ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Final considerations: Helicobacter pylori is considered the most common etiological agent for cancers related to infection and various gastrointestinal diseases, and its eradication is of paramount importance in their prophylaxis, and its eradication is of paramount importance for the treatment and prevention of different gastrointestinal diseases.
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