Análise das características da Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar as características da Degeneração Macular Relacionada à Idade (DMRI). Revisão bibliográfica: A DMRI é uma doença degenerativa progressiva da retina que afeta a região macular central, muitas vezes, levando à perda progressiva da visão. Existem cerca de 170 milhões de pessoas afetadas com a doença em todo o mundo, o que torna esta doença a terceira principal causa de cegueira no mundo. Clinicamente, a DMRI é classificada em estágio inicial (estágios 1 e 2), intermediário (estágio 3) e tardio (estágio 4), sendo o estágio final dividido em DMRI úmida e seca. Considerações finais: A DMRI é a causa mais comum de deficiência visual incurável nos países desenvolvidos e está relacionada à idade com início médio por volta dos 60 anos além de alto ônus para o indivíduo e sociedade. É essencial prevenir a doença promovendo um estilo de vida mais saudável. Não há tratamento para a DMRI seca e para a DMRI úmida a terapêutica é a injeção intravítrea de agentes anti-fator de crescimento endotelial vascular que é capaz de reduzir a cegueira e a densidade dos capilares coróides.
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