Glicosaminoglicanos como biomarcadores de doenças: uma revisão sistemática
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Resumo
Objetivo: Identificar os glicosaminoglicanos (GAGs) como biomarcadores preditivos de processos biológicos normais, processos patológicos e intervenções diagnósticas não-invasivas. Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Acervo+ Index base, Scopus, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SciELO e LILACS e incluídos os estudos originais que abordam o uso de GAGs como biomarcadores em diagnósticos de doenças. Para a análise crítica dos estudos selecionados, foi aplicado o método QUADAS-2 como ferramenta de avaliação da qualidade metodológica. Resultados: Foram selecionados 66 artigos potencialmente relevantes, os quais 20 atendiam os critérios de elegibilidade. Após avaliação da qualidade metodológica, foram incluídos 10 estudos classificados com nível baixo no risco de viés para a síntese narrativa e 1 artigo experimental que estuda o mecanismo da GAG na fibrose hepática. Considerações finais: A presente revisão sistemática, identificou que o uso de GAGs como biomarcadores apresenta boa reprodutibilidade, podem ser empregados em procedimentos não invasivos (sangue ou urina), ser realizados na maior parte dos laboratórios e, permitem a avaliação do progresso e dos processos fisiopatológicos. Contudo, ainda possui limitações para diferenciar estágios intermediários em algumas doenças.
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