Avaliação da eficácia das terapias biológicas com anticorpos monoclonais na asma severa
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar a eficiência das terapias biológicas com anticorpos monoclonais em pacientes com asma severa. Métodos: Esse estudo é uma revisão integrativa e foi realizada avaliando a literatura disponível na plataforma PubMed Central com os seguintes termos de pesquisa MeSH: Monoclonal Antibodies, Asthma; com o objetivo responder se a eficácia das terapias biológicas com anticorpos monoclonais no tratamento de asma severa é superior aos tratamentos convencionais. Inicialmente foram selecionados 1339 artigos na íntegra publicados entre 2018 e 2023, em inglês, português e espanhol. Após critérios de inclusão foram removidos artigos duplicados, resumos e aqueles que não atendiam os critérios de seleção, restando 26 artigos que foram incluídos nesta revisão. Resultados: Foi evidenciados o benefício de anticorpos como benralizumab, reslizumab, mepolizumab, dupilimabe e omalizumabe, pois eles se mostram eficientes na redução das exacerbações graves de asma quando comparados com corticoides inalatórios e orais no tratamento desses pacientes. Considerações finais: Embora ainda sejam necessários mais estudos sobre o assunto, as melhorias no controle da asma severa com anticorpos monoclonais, utilizando questionários validados, foram significativas, em comparação com os tratamentos habituais, na maioria dos estudos avaliados.
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