Prevenção de lesões nervosas em implantes dentários
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Resumo
Objetivo: Explorar as alterações anatômicas em pacientes edêntulos usuários de prótese e sua implicação na cirurgia de implantes. Revisão bibliográfica: O aumento da população idosa impulsiona a demanda por tratamentos reabilitadores. As próteses removíveis convencionais são uma alternativa comum para a reabilitação de pacientes edêntulos, porém, comumente associadas ao agravamento da reabsorção óssea causada pela perda dentária, o que ocasiona a alteração anatômica das estruturas de suporte, o que ressalta a alternativa de reabilitação por implantes osseointegráveis. Porém durante a sua instalação podem ocorrer injúrias nervosas em decorrência da remodelação óssea e a consequente alteração dos marcos anatômicos, exigindo métodos pré ou trans cirúrgicos como técnicas de imagem avançadas, mobilização nervosa e enxertos a fim de minimizar o risco de complicações. Considerações finais: A reabilitação com implantes melhora a qualidade de vida ao paciente; próteses convencionais agravam a reabsorção óssea e dificultam a colocação de implantes. Apesar das alternativas trans cirúrgicas, o exame prévio é o procedimento mais indicado em relação a injúrias nervosas.
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