Efeitos psicológicos das neoplasias
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos psicológicos das neoplasias. Revisão bibliográfica: O câncer representa a segunda principal causa de mortalidade globalmente. A neoplasia e os seus tratamentos conduzem a uma variedade de problemas físicos e psicossociais. Primeiro, uma reação a um diagnóstico grave e à futura deterioração do estado de saúde pode constituir um fator de risco para a depressão; segundo, o tratamento com modificadores da resposta imune e regimes de quimioterapia, e a experiência de alterações meAabólicas e endócrinas, dor crônica e intervenções cirúrgicas extensas, podem representar fatores contribuintes adicionais. Considerações finais: O câncer representa uma das principais doenças e uma das principais causas de mortalidade a nível global. Devido ao seu estigma de morte e as fortes consequências físicas da doença e seu tratamento, os pacientes oncológicos encontram-se vulneráveis a transtornos de saúde mental como depressão, ansiedade, transtorno de estresse pós traumático e suicídio. Medidas como incentivo ao apoio social, terapia psicológica, atividade física e terapêutica medicamentosa para doenças mentais são essenciais no apoio ao paciente com neoplasia, pois podem melhorar a autonomia, resiliência e qualidade de vida.
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