Monkeypox: uma abordagem dermatológica
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Resumo
Objetivo: Elucidar o processo clínico-patológico da Monkeypox para melhor compreensão dessa afecção no âmbito dermatológico. Revisão bibliográfica: A Monkeypox é uma zoonose causada pelo vírus monkeypox (MPXV), transmitida por contato com lesões cutâneas, fluidos corporais ou fômites. O vírus penetra nas células hospedeiras, replicando-se localmente e disseminando-se para linfonodos e outros órgãos. Os sintomas prodrômicos, como febre, linfadenopatia e mal-estar, são seguidos por erupções cutâneas características que variam de máculas a pústulas. O diagnóstico é confirmado por PCR em amostras de lesões cutâneas. A vacinação contra varíola apresenta cerca de 85% de eficácia contra o MPXV, e tratamentos antivirais como Tecovirimat têm mostrado potencial na redução da gravidade da doença. A revisão aborda as complicações, incluindo infecções secundárias e envolvimento de órgãos internos, especialmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos. O aumento recente de casos fora da África enfatiza a necessidade de estratégias diagnósticas e terapêuticas eficazes. Considerações finais: A identificação precoce e intervenções terapêuticas apropriadas são cruciais para minimizar riscos e prevenir complicações. Implementar medidas preventivas eficazes e assegurar o manejo adequado da doença são essenciais para proteger os grupos de maior risco.
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