Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos da COVID-19 em crianças internadas em um hospital da região Amazônica
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Publicado
Feb 18, 2025
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Resumo
Objetivo: Descrever as características clínico-epidemiológicas de crianças internadas com COVID-19 e avaliar a correlação entre sintomas e tempo de internação hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 48 pacientes ≤12 anos, internados com COVID-19 entre abril de 2020 e junho de 2021, em um hospital pediátrico na região norte do Brasil. O predomínio foram crianças do sexo masculino (54,2%), procedentes de Macapá, com idade média de 24 meses. A duração média das internações foi de 5 dias para as que evoluíram com sintomas leves (35,4%) e 10 dias para as que evoluíram com SRAG (64,6%). Resultados: Em 22,9% dos pacientes foi necessário uso de oxigênio suplementar, 2 crianças (4,2%) passaram pela UTI e apenas um caso de síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica (SIM) foi confirmado. A principal alteração radiológica encontrada foi infiltrado intersticial bilateral. Não houve registro de óbito durante o estudo. Observou-se associação entre a presença de desconforto respiratório e o tempo de internação ≥7 dias (p 0,017; coeficiente de Cramer 0,4). Entretanto, não foi possível detectar associação entre a presença de outros sintomas e o tempo de internação hospitalar. Conclusão: O estudo mostrou queas poucas confirmações por RT-PCR indicam baixa testagem durante a fase de disseminação do vírus.
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Como Citar
SáB. R. de, SousaA. S. de, SantosE. T. dos, PintoA. C. P. N., & NogueiraF. G. de S. B. (2025). Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos casos da COVID-19 em crianças internadas em um hospital da região Amazônica. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 25, e18142. https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e18142.2025
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2. ALKAN G, et al. Evaluation of hematological parameters and inflammatory markers in children with COVID-19. Ir. J. Med. Sci, 2022; 191(4): 1725-1733.
3. BAQUI P, et al. Ethnic and regional variations in hospital mortality from COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study. Lancet Glob. Health, 2020; 8(8): 1018- 1026.
4. BELLINI T, et al. Characteristics of COVID‐19 patients up to 6 months of age admitted to a paediatric emergency department. Acta Paediatr, 2022; 11(2): 272-274.
5. BERNARDINO FBS, et al. Epidemiological profile of children and adolescents with COVID-19: a scoping review. Rev. Bras. Enferm, 2021; 74(1): 20200624.
6. BHUIYAN MU, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19 infection in young children under five years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine, 2021; 39(4): 667-677.
7. BRASIL. Painel de casos de doença pelo coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) no Brasil pelo Ministério da Saúde. Brasília, 2021. Disponível em: https ://covid.saude.gov.br/. Acessado em: 28 mai. 2021.
8. CARSETTI R, et al. The immune system of children: the key to understanding SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility? The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2020; 4(6): 414-416.
9. DELAHOY MJ, et al. Hospitalizations Associated with COVID-19 Among Children and Adolescents — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1, 2020–August 14, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2021; 70(36): 1255-1260.
10. DONG Y, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China. Pediatrics, 2020; 145(6): 20200702.
11. EJAZH, et al. COVID-19 and comorbidities: Deleterious impact on infected patients. J. Infect. Public Health, 2020; 13(12): 1833-1839.
12. GEBHARD C, et al. Impact of sex and gender on COVID-19 outcomes in Europe. Biology of Sex Differences, 2020; 11(1): 29.
13. GUO CX, et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric COVID-19. Bmc Medicine, 2020; 18(1): 250.
14. HUETE-PÉREZ JA, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with and without symptoms seeking care in Managua, Nicaragua: results of a crosssectional survey. BMJ Open, 2021; 11(9): 51836.
15. INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA. Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua, 2021. Disponível em: https ://sidra.ibge.gov.br/tabela/6403. Acessado em: 04 fev. 2022.
16. KERMALI M, et al. The role of biomarkers in diagnosis of COVID-19 – A systematic review. Life Sci, 2020; 254: 117788.
17. KIM L, et al. Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Children Aged <18 Years Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1– July 25, 2020. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2020; 69(32): 1081-1088.
18. MATTHAI, J. et al. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and the Gastrointestinal System in Children. Indian Pediatr, 2020; 57(6): 533-535.
19. MUNRO, A.P.S. et al. Covid-19 in children: current evidence and key questions. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis, 2020; 33(6): 540-547.
20. MUSTAFA NM; SELIM LA. Characterisation of COVID-19 Pandemic in Paediatric Age Group: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Virol, 2020; 128: 104395.
21. NACHEGAJB, et al. Assessment of Clinical Outcomes Among Children and Adolescents Hospitalized With COVID-19 in 6 Sub-Saharan African Countries. JAMA pediatrics, 2022; 176(3): 216436.
22. NINO G, et al. Chest X‐ray lung imaging features in pediatric COVID‐19 and comparison with viral lower respiratory infections in young children. Pediatr. Pulmonol, 2021; 56(12): 3892-3898.
23. NINO G, et al. Pediatric lung imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Pediatr. Pulmonol, 2021; 56(1): 252-263.
24. OLIVEIRA EA, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors for death among hospitalised children and adolescents with COVID-19 in Brazil: an analysis of a nationwide database. Lancet Child Adolesc. Health, 2021; 5(8): 559-568.
25. PASCARELLA G, et al. COVID-19 diagnosis and management: a comprehensive review. Journal of Internal Medicine, 2020; 288(2): 192-206.
26. PRATA-BARBOSA A, et al. Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study. J. Peditr, 2020; 96(5): 582-592.
27. QI K, et al. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of pediatric COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine, 2021; 100(15): 25230.
28. RABHA AC, et al. Manifestações clínicas de crianças e adolescentes com COVID-19: relato dos primeiros 115 casos do Sabará Hospital Infantil. Rev. Paul. Pediatr, 2020; 39: 2020305.
29. RAZA HA, et al. Sex hormones, autoimmunity and gender disparity in COVID‑19. Rheumatology International, 2021; 41(8): 1375-1386.
30. SAFADI MAP. The intriguing features of COVID-19 in children and its impact on the pandemic. J. Pediatr, 2020; 96(3): 265-268.
31. SAMADIZADEH S, et al. COVID-19: Why does disease severity vary among individuals? Respiratory Medicine, 2021; 180: 106356.
32. SWANN OV, et al. Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study. BMJ, 2020; 370: 3249.
33. TOSO BR, et al. Caracterização da COVID-19 em crianças hospitalizadas. Rev. Soc. Bras. Enferm. Ped, 2020; 20: 36-48.
34. WANGJ; YUAN X. Digestive system symptoms and function in children with COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 2021; 100(11): 24897.
35. WATERFIELD T, et al. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children: a prospective multicentre cohort study. Arch. Dis. Child, 2021; 106(7): 680-686.
36. WIERSINGA WJ, et al. Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA, 2020; 324(8): 782-793.
37. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Disponível em: https://covid19.who.int/table. Acessado em: 28 mai. 2021.
38. XIA W, et al. Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID‐19 infection: Different points from adults. Pediatri. Pulmonol, 2020; 55(5): 1169-1174.
39. ZHAOY, et al. The inflammatory markers of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) and adolescents associated with COVID‐19: A meta‐analysis. J. Med. Virol, 2021; 93(7): 4358-4369.