Atividade antimicrobiana do óleo de cannabis sativa

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Patriky Pereira da Silva
Ana Carolina Ribeiro Saraiva da Costa
Ryan Cristian da Silva
Alison Jose da Silva
Isaque Bertoldo Santos da Silva
Bruno Mendes Tenório
Yasmin Antonelle Correia Lira
Rayssa Nilma da Silva Alves
Fernanda das Chagas Angelo Mendes Tenório
Elba Verônica Matoso Maciel de Carvalho

Resumo

Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do óleo de cannabis (Cannabis sativa), destacando compostos como canabinoides e terpenos, e sua eficácia contra patógenos. A análise compara-o com outros óleos essenciais, como óleo de tea tree e óleo de Mentha piperita, e explora sua origem e processo de extração. Revisão bibliográfica: A resistência crescente aos antibióticos impulsiona a busca por alternativas terapêuticas, com óleos essenciais emergindo como opções viáveis devido às suas propriedades antimicrobianas. O óleo de cannabis destaca-se por seu perfil único, eficaz contra bactérias Gram-positivas, Gram-negativas e fungos. Comparado ao óleo de tea tree e ao de Mentha piperita, o óleo de cannabis oferece um espectro antimicrobiano diferenciado e múltiplos mecanismos de ação. O estudo também analisa a origem do óleo de cannabis e os avanços em seus métodos de extração, especialmente a extração por CO2 supercrítico. Considerações finais: O óleo de cannabis mostra potencial no combate a patógenos resistentes, com características antimicrobianas distintas em relação a outros óleos essenciais. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para confirmar sua inocuidade e eficácia clínica, incluindo ensaios clínicos e estudos sobre dosagem e interações medicamentosas.

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Como Citar
SilvaP. P. da, CostaA. C. R. S. da, SilvaR. C. da, SilvaA. J. da, SilvaI. B. S. da, TenórioB. M., LiraY. A. C., AlvesR. N. da S., TenórioF. das C. A. M., & CarvalhoE. V. M. M. de. (2024). Atividade antimicrobiana do óleo de cannabis sativa. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 24(11), e18601. https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e18601.2024
Seção
Revisão Bibliográfica

Referências

1. ADAMS R, et al. Structure of Cannabidiol, a Product Isolated from the Marihuana Extract of Minnesota Wild Hemp. Journal of the American Chemical Society,1940; 62(1): 196–200.

2. BAKKALI F, et al. Biological effects of essential oils - A review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2008; 46(2): 446–475.

3. BERMAN P e KLOOG Y. Cannabis and Cancer: Reality or Pipe Dream? Cannabis Therapeutics, 2018; 10(4): 293–305.

4. BITENCOURT R, et al. Antibacterial and antifungal properties of Cannabis terpenes: a review of the pharmacological literature. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020; 21(6): 4781.

5. CARSON C, et al. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobial and Other Medicinal Properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 2006; 19(1): 50–62.

6. CARTER B, et al. Supercritical CO₂ extraction of bioactive compounds. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2018; 133: 346–353.

7. CAVANAGH HM e WILKINSON JM. Biological activities of lavender essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 2002; 16(4): 301–308.

8. COX S, et al. The mode of antimicrobial action of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree Oil). Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2001; 88(1): 170–175.

9. DELAQUIS PJ, et al. Antimicrobial properties of essential oils: Journal of Food Protection, 2002; 65(2): 208–213.

10. DEVANE WA, et al. Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor. Science, 1992; 258(5090): 1946–1949.

11. ELSOHLY MA e SLADE D. Chemical constituents of marijuana: The complex mixture of natural cannabinoids. Life Sciences, 2005; 78(5): 539–548.

12. EYER P, et al. Antimicrobial properties of cannabidiol and its interaction with antibiotics. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017; 8: 2595.

13. HAMMER KA, et al. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 1999; 86(6): 985–990.

14. HEMP W. The Rise of CBD: Market trends and therapeutic potential. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2022; 28(1): 100–113.

15. KOGAN NM e MECHOULAM R. Cannabinoids in health and disease. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2007; 9(4): 413–430.

16. KOGAN NM e MINDA M. Antimicrobial efficacy of cannabinoids: emerging therapeutic applications. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 2006; 3(1): 76–82.

17. MECHOULAM R e GAONI Y. A total synthesis of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol, the active constituent of hashish. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1965; 87(14): 3273–3275.

18. MECHOULAM R e SHVO Y. Hashish—I: The structure of cannabidiol. Tetrahedron, 1963; 19(12): 2073–2078.

19. MILLER H, et al. Cannabis extraction methods: A review. Journal of Natural Products, 2020; 83(5): 1418–1430.

20. MUDGE E, et al. The science behind cannabis extraction methods. Cannabis Science and Technology, 2000; 2(3): 25–35.

21. NAKAYAMA T, et al. Antimicrobial activity of peppermint oil: a study in vitro. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2018; 67(4): 581–585.

22. OLIVEIRA AC, et al. Antifungal properties of Cannabis sativa and its potential therapeutic use. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2021; 15(5): 245–255.

23. PARKER TA, et al. Cannabidiol as a potential therapeutic for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2019; 176(10): 1947–1958.

24. PERTWEE RG. The diverse CB1 and CB2 receptor pharmacology of three plant cannabinoids: Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2008; 153(2): 199–215.

25. PRATT S, et al. The antimicrobial effect of essential oils: A critical review. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2011; 23(5): 42–50.

26. RINALDI M, et al. The role of CBD in microbial resistance: Mechanistic insights. Infection and Drug Resistance, 2018; 11: 117–125.

27. RUSSO EB. History of Cannabis and Its Preparations in Saga, Science, and Sobriquet. Chemistry & Biodiversity, 2007; 4(8): 1614–1648.

28. RUSSO EB. Taming THC: potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid-terpenoid entourage effects. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2011; 163(7): 1344–1364.

29. SCANDURRA L, et al. Cannabinoid effects on bacterial membranes and implications for antimicrobial efficacy. Journal of Natural Products, 2015; 78(10): 2402–2408.

30. VIUDEZ M, et al. Synergistic effects of terpenes and cannabinoids against pathogenic bacteria. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2016; 35(3): 441–448.

31. WHO (World Health Organization). Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. WHO Publications, 2021.

32. ZIEMIŃSKA E, et al. The antifungal effect of Cannabis sativa against clinically relevant fungi. Mycopathologia, 2019; 184(2): 283–294.

33. ZOU X, et al. Cold-pressing extraction of cannabis oil. Food Chemistry, 2018; 262: 241–249.

34. ZUARDI AW, et al. Cannabidiol for the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 2013; 27(11): 1088–1098.