Mutação do gene MTHFR e doenças psiquiátricas
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Resumo
Objetivo: Explorar a associação entre a mutação do gene MTHFR e o desenvolvimento de doenças psiquiátricas, avaliando seu impacto na predisposição, gravidade dos sintomas e resposta ao tratamento. Métodos: Estudo de revisão bibliográfica integrativa, utilizando a estratégia PVO (População, Variáveis e Desfecho) através da base de dados PubMed. Foram incluídos 20 artigos após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Resultados: Indicam que os polimorfismos MTHFR C677T e A1298C estão significativamente relacionados à esquizofrenia, depressão e transtorno bipolar, afetando o metabolismo do folato e a metilação do DNA. Esses processos são essenciais para a função cerebral, e as mutações podem impactar a neuroplasticidade e a gravidade dos sintomas psiquiátricos. Pacientes com essas mutações podem apresentar variações na resposta a tratamentos convencionais; a suplementação de folato emerge como uma intervenção promissora, embora sejam necessários mais estudos para otimizar sua eficácia. Considerações finais: A compreensão aprofundada da mutação MTHFR pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de tratamentos mais personalizados e eficazes para pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos.
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