Impacto da vacinação contra COVID-19 na resposta imunológica: análise de linfócitos e citocinas em profissionais de saúde
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Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil imunológico de linfócitos T e B e citocinas em profissionais de saúde antes e após a vacinação contra a COVID-19. Métodos: Vinte indivíduos saudáveis, que trabalhavam na testagem de COVID-19, foram avaliados com coletas de sangue em seis momentos (T0 a T5). Os níveis de IgG contra SARS-CoV-2 e das interleucinas IL-6, IFN-γ e IL-10 foram medidos por ELISA. A imunofenotipagem de linfócitos foi realizada com anticorpos anti-CD3, anti-CD4 e anti-CD19 via citometria de fluxo (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Todos os participantes foram infectados por COVID-19 durante o estudo, e a maioria foi vacinada com CoronaVac e Pfizer. Em T0, 25% apresentavam IgG positivo, atingindo 100% em T3 e T5. As citocinas não variaram significativamente, mas os linfócitos TCD3+ reduziram entre T0 e T3 e T2 e T3. Observou-se diferença em TCD4+ entre T4 e T5 e variação em linfócitos B entre T0 e T5. Conclusão: A presença de IgG em T0 sugeriu exposição prévia ao vírus. Embora as citocinas não tenham mostrado variação significativa, a análise dos linfócitos T e B evidenciou mudanças imunológicas ao longo da vacinação, indicando um efeito modulador no sistema imunológico.
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