Transmissão vertical e vias de parto de gestantes com COVID-19
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May 5, 2025
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar as evidências científicas acerca da via de parto e a ocorrência da transmissão vertical em gestantes com COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em março de 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, via BVS e Web of Science. A estratégia PICo sistematizou a construção das questões norteadoras: como ocorre a transmissão vertical em gestantes infectadas por SARS-CoV-2? qual a via de parto mais utilizada para gestantes infectadas por COVID-19? A busca se deu através da combinação dos descritores controlados e não controlados cruzados com uso de operadores booleanos OR e AND. A triagem dos estudos foi realizada por meio do software Rayyan. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão e leitura na integra resultaram vinte e nove artigos para compor a amostra deste estudo. Resultados: Identificou-se que houve uma possível transmissão vertical e a via de parto mais utilizada foi a vaginal. Considerações finais: A transmissão vertical do SARS-CoV-2 é uma preocupação significativa, embora não seja universalmente confirmada. Quanto à via de parto há uma preferência pela via vaginal, sendo a cesárea reservada para situações obstétricas padrão ou quando apresentava estágios graves da doença.
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Como Citar
GuimarãesS. B., MirandaM. M., SantigoE. C. O., LimaA. B., CunhaK. J. B., AlvarengaW. de A., BritoB. A. M. de, & CostaF. da S. (2025). Transmissão vertical e vias de parto de gestantes com COVID-19. Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, 25(5), e19871. https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e19871.2025
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Referências
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6. CHAREPE NB, et al. One year of COVID-19 in pregnancy: a national wide collaborative study. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 2022; 35(5): 357-366.
7. CHUNG Y, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 in Korea. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 2022; 37(41): 297.
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9. DI GUARDO F, et al. Poor maternal–neonatal outcomes in pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection: analysis of 145 cases. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2021; 303(6): 1483-1488.
10. ESTRELA FM, et al. Gestantes no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19: reflexões e desafios. Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 2020; 30(2): 300215.
11. FERRAZZI E, et al. Vaginal delivery in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: a retrospective analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2020; 127(9): 1116-1121.
12. FURUIE IN, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: a comparative study between mild and severe disease in South Brazil. Gazzetta Medica Italiana-Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 2023; 182(9): 517-24.
13. GHEMA K, et al. Outcomes of newborns to mothers with COVID-19. Infectious Diseases Now, 2021; 51(5): 435-439.
14. GRALINSKI LE e MENACHERY VD. Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses, 2020; 12(2): 135.
15. HUDAK ML, et al. Maternal and newborn hospital outcomes of perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection: a national registry. Pediatrics, 2023; 151(2): 2022059595.
16. JHA S, et al. Risk of vertical transmission of SARS CoV-2 infection to neonates born to covid positive mothers: A pilot study from a tertiary care hospital of North India. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 2022; 28(10): 1370-1374.
17. KHOURY R, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of 241 births to women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection at five New York City medical centers. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2020; 136(2): 273-282.
18. LEE J, et al. Clinical characteristics and vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnant women and their neonates in Korea. Infection & Chemotherapy, 2023; 55(3): 346.
19. LIAO J, et al. Analysis of vaginal delivery outcomes among pregnant women in Wuhan, China during the COVID‐19 pandemic. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2020; 150(1): 53-57.
20. MARASCHINI A, et al. Coronavirus and birth in Italy: results of a national population-based cohort study. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 2020; 56(3): 378-389.
21. MARÍN GABRIEL MA, et al. Maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes with COVID-19: a multicenter study of 242 pregnancies and their 248 infant newborns during their first month of life. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2020; 39(12): 393-397.
22. MARÍN GABRIEL MA, et al. Multicentre Spanish study found no incidences of viral transmission in infants born to mothers with COVID‐19. Acta paediatrica, 2020b, 109(11): 2302-2308.
23. MENDES KDS, et al. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & contexto-enfermagem, 2008, 17(4): 758-764.
24. MOLINA EO, et al. COVID-19 infection in symptomatic pregnant women at the midpoint of the pandemic in Spain: a retrospective analysis. Ginekol Pol., 2020; 91(12): 755-763.
25. MOTAMEDI H, et al. An update review of globally reported SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in preclinical and clinical stages. International immunopharmacology, 2021; 96: 107763.
26. NAYAK MK, et al. Neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a developing country setup. Pediatrics & Neonatology, 2021; 62(5): 499-505.
27. NOGUEIRA CMCS, et al. Análise nacional do perfil das gestantes acometidas pela COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3(5): 14267-14278.
28. OLIVEIRA KF, et al. Transmissão vertical e COVID-19: revisão de escopo. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2021; 74(1): 1-11.
29. OMS. Organização Mundial de Saúde. Painel do Coronavírus da OMS (COVID-19), 2023. Disponível em: https ://covid19.who.int/. Acessado em: 26 de agosto de 2023.
30. OPAS. Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Histórico da pandemia de Covid-19, 2022. Disponível em: https ://www.paho.org/pt/covid19/historico-da-pandemia-covid-19#:~:text=Em%2031%20de%20dezembro%20de,identifica da%20antes%20em%20seres%20humanos. Acessado em: 15 de abril de 2024.
31. PAGE MJ, et al. A declaração PRISMA 2020: diretriz atualizada para relatar revisões sistemáticas. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 2023; 31(2): 112.
32. PEEPAL P, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 infection: A retrospective analytical study. Journal of Mother and Child, 2022; 25(2): 77-85.
33. PEREIRA A, et al. Clinical course of coronavirus disease‐2019 in pregnancy. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2020; 99(7): 839-847.
34. ROMAN AR e FRIEDLANDER MR. Revisão integrativa de pesquisa aplicada à enfermagem. Cogitare enferm, 1998; 3(2): 109-12.
35. ROTTENSTREICH A, et al. Vaginal delivery in SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women in Israel: a multicenter prospective analysis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2021; 303(6): 1401-1405.
36. SAHIN D, et al. Updated experience of a tertiary pandemic center on 533 pregnant women with COVID‐19 infection: a prospective cohort study from Turkey. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2021; 152(3): 328-334.
37. SINACI S, et al. Vertical transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2: A prospective cross‐sectional study from a tertiary center. Journal of Medical Virology, 2021; 93(10): 5864-5872.
38. SOBRERO H, et al. Descripción de resultados perinatales en madres COVID positivas asistidas en un medio público y uno privado de Montevideo en el período marzo 2020-junio 2021. Revista Médica del Uruguay, 2022; 38(4): 204.
39. SOUZA ASR e AMORIM MMR. Mortalidade materna pela COVID-19 no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. Recife, 2021; 21(1): 253-256.
40. SUBEDI K, et al. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Corona Virus Disease-19 Infection in Pregnant Women. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 2021; 19(4): 792-796.
41. VIÑUELA MC, et al. SARS-CoV-2 screening of asymptomatic women admitted for delivery must be performed with a combination of microbiological techniques: an observational study. Revista Española de Quimioterapia, 2020; 33(6): 415.
42. YANG R, et al. Pregnant women with COVID-19 and risk of adverse birth outcomes and maternal-fetal vertical transmission: a population-based cohort study in Wuhan, China. BMC medicine, 2020; 18(1): 1-7.
43. ZHU N, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine, 2020; 382(8): 727-733.
2. ALOUINI S, et al. Maternal-fetal implications of SARS CoV-2 infection during pregnancy, viral, serological analyses of placenta and cord blood. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022; 19(4): 2105.
3. BRASIL. Manual de recomendações para a assistência à gestante e puérpera frente à pandemia de Covid-19 da Saúde. 2 ed. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2021. Disponível em: https ://bvsms.saude.gov.br/bvs/publicacoes/ma nual_assistencia_gestante_puerpera_covid-19_2ed.pdf. Acessado em: 10 de fevereiro de 2025.
4. BRASIL. Plano Nacional de Operacionalização da Vacinação contra a Covid-19. 12 ed. Secovid. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2022. Disponível em: chromeextension ://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https ://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/co ronavirus/publicacoes-tecnicas/guias-e-planos/plano-nacional-de-operacionalizacao-da-vacinacao-contra-covid-19.pdf. Acessado em: 23 de setembro de 2023.
5. ÇAKIRCA TD, et al. COVID-19 infection in pregnancy: a single center experience with 75 cases. Ginekologia Polska, 2022; 93(5): 410-415.
6. CHAREPE NB, et al. One year of COVID-19 in pregnancy: a national wide collaborative study. Acta Médica Portuguesa, 2022; 35(5): 357-366.
7. CHUNG Y, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 in Korea. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 2022; 37(41): 297.
8. DÁVILA-ALIAGA C, et al. Maternal-perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in a level III hospital in Peru. Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud pública, 2021; 38(1): 58-63.
9. DI GUARDO F, et al. Poor maternal–neonatal outcomes in pregnant patients with confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection: analysis of 145 cases. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2021; 303(6): 1483-1488.
10. ESTRELA FM, et al. Gestantes no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19: reflexões e desafios. Physis: Revista de Saúde Coletiva, 2020; 30(2): 300215.
11. FERRAZZI E, et al. Vaginal delivery in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected pregnant women in Northern Italy: a retrospective analysis. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2020; 127(9): 1116-1121.
12. FURUIE IN, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19: a comparative study between mild and severe disease in South Brazil. Gazzetta Medica Italiana-Archivio per le Scienze Mediche, 2023; 182(9): 517-24.
13. GHEMA K, et al. Outcomes of newborns to mothers with COVID-19. Infectious Diseases Now, 2021; 51(5): 435-439.
14. GRALINSKI LE e MENACHERY VD. Return of the Coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses, 2020; 12(2): 135.
15. HUDAK ML, et al. Maternal and newborn hospital outcomes of perinatal SARS-CoV-2 infection: a national registry. Pediatrics, 2023; 151(2): 2022059595.
16. JHA S, et al. Risk of vertical transmission of SARS CoV-2 infection to neonates born to covid positive mothers: A pilot study from a tertiary care hospital of North India. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy, 2022; 28(10): 1370-1374.
17. KHOURY R, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of 241 births to women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection at five New York City medical centers. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2020; 136(2): 273-282.
18. LEE J, et al. Clinical characteristics and vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnant women and their neonates in Korea. Infection & Chemotherapy, 2023; 55(3): 346.
19. LIAO J, et al. Analysis of vaginal delivery outcomes among pregnant women in Wuhan, China during the COVID‐19 pandemic. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2020; 150(1): 53-57.
20. MARASCHINI A, et al. Coronavirus and birth in Italy: results of a national population-based cohort study. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 2020; 56(3): 378-389.
21. MARÍN GABRIEL MA, et al. Maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes with COVID-19: a multicenter study of 242 pregnancies and their 248 infant newborns during their first month of life. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2020; 39(12): 393-397.
22. MARÍN GABRIEL MA, et al. Multicentre Spanish study found no incidences of viral transmission in infants born to mothers with COVID‐19. Acta paediatrica, 2020b, 109(11): 2302-2308.
23. MENDES KDS, et al. Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & contexto-enfermagem, 2008, 17(4): 758-764.
24. MOLINA EO, et al. COVID-19 infection in symptomatic pregnant women at the midpoint of the pandemic in Spain: a retrospective analysis. Ginekol Pol., 2020; 91(12): 755-763.
25. MOTAMEDI H, et al. An update review of globally reported SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in preclinical and clinical stages. International immunopharmacology, 2021; 96: 107763.
26. NAYAK MK, et al. Neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a developing country setup. Pediatrics & Neonatology, 2021; 62(5): 499-505.
27. NOGUEIRA CMCS, et al. Análise nacional do perfil das gestantes acometidas pela COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 2020; 3(5): 14267-14278.
28. OLIVEIRA KF, et al. Transmissão vertical e COVID-19: revisão de escopo. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 2021; 74(1): 1-11.
29. OMS. Organização Mundial de Saúde. Painel do Coronavírus da OMS (COVID-19), 2023. Disponível em: https ://covid19.who.int/. Acessado em: 26 de agosto de 2023.
30. OPAS. Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. Histórico da pandemia de Covid-19, 2022. Disponível em: https ://www.paho.org/pt/covid19/historico-da-pandemia-covid-19#:~:text=Em%2031%20de%20dezembro%20de,identifica da%20antes%20em%20seres%20humanos. Acessado em: 15 de abril de 2024.
31. PAGE MJ, et al. A declaração PRISMA 2020: diretriz atualizada para relatar revisões sistemáticas. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 2023; 31(2): 112.
32. PEEPAL P, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes among women with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 infection: A retrospective analytical study. Journal of Mother and Child, 2022; 25(2): 77-85.
33. PEREIRA A, et al. Clinical course of coronavirus disease‐2019 in pregnancy. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2020; 99(7): 839-847.
34. ROMAN AR e FRIEDLANDER MR. Revisão integrativa de pesquisa aplicada à enfermagem. Cogitare enferm, 1998; 3(2): 109-12.
35. ROTTENSTREICH A, et al. Vaginal delivery in SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women in Israel: a multicenter prospective analysis. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2021; 303(6): 1401-1405.
36. SAHIN D, et al. Updated experience of a tertiary pandemic center on 533 pregnant women with COVID‐19 infection: a prospective cohort study from Turkey. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2021; 152(3): 328-334.
37. SINACI S, et al. Vertical transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2: A prospective cross‐sectional study from a tertiary center. Journal of Medical Virology, 2021; 93(10): 5864-5872.
38. SOBRERO H, et al. Descripción de resultados perinatales en madres COVID positivas asistidas en un medio público y uno privado de Montevideo en el período marzo 2020-junio 2021. Revista Médica del Uruguay, 2022; 38(4): 204.
39. SOUZA ASR e AMORIM MMR. Mortalidade materna pela COVID-19 no Brasil. Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant. Recife, 2021; 21(1): 253-256.
40. SUBEDI K, et al. Clinical Profile and Outcome of Corona Virus Disease-19 Infection in Pregnant Women. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 2021; 19(4): 792-796.
41. VIÑUELA MC, et al. SARS-CoV-2 screening of asymptomatic women admitted for delivery must be performed with a combination of microbiological techniques: an observational study. Revista Española de Quimioterapia, 2020; 33(6): 415.
42. YANG R, et al. Pregnant women with COVID-19 and risk of adverse birth outcomes and maternal-fetal vertical transmission: a population-based cohort study in Wuhan, China. BMC medicine, 2020; 18(1): 1-7.
43. ZHU N, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. New England journal of medicine, 2020; 382(8): 727-733.