Metilação do gene PTEN no câncer oral
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Resumo
Objetivo: Investigar a evidência atual referente à associação da metilação do gene PTEN com o câncer oral e determinar a frequência desse evento epigenético. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática, cujas buscas foram realizadas no PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus e Livivo. Também foram realizadas buscas na literatura cinzenta, incluindo Google Scholar e BDTD. Resultados: Foram identificados 592 estudos. Contudo, apenas 5 estudos satisfizeram os critérios de elegibilidade. As pesquisas foram publicadas entre 2005 e 2015, incluindo 717 casos de câncer oral. A meta-análise apontou uma associação com significância estatística entre metilação do gene PTEN e câncer oral (OR = 60,39; p < 0,01). Adicionalmente, observou-se que apenas 7,85% dos casos apresentavam o gene PTEN metilado. Contudo, a certeza da evidência foi classificada como muito baixa. Conclusão: A metilação de PTEN está associada ao câncer oral, embora sua frequência nesse tipo de câncer seja baixa. Esses achados apresentaram certeza da evidência muito baixa, destacando a necessidade de mais pesquisas sobre o papel da metilação de PTEN no câncer oral.
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