Factors associated with visual problems in children
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Abstract
Objective: To identify, in the scientific literature, the factors associated with visual problems in children. Methods: This is an integrative review study conducted in January 2025 using the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE via PubMed) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS via BVS), covering the period from 2014 to 2024. The descriptors DeCS/MeSH used were: “Children,” “Visual disorders” and “Risk factors”, along with their equivalents in portuguese and spanish, combined using the boolean operators “AND” and “OR”. Results: This integrative review includes 12 studies. The analysis identified common patterns in the causes associated with vision problems in childhood, including socioeconomic factors, genetic and environmental factors, as well as ocular morbidities and ineffective screening. Final considerations: These challenges have a significant impact on children’s development, learning, and quality of life, highlighting the need for regular ophthalmological screenings and public policies to increase access to ophthalmological care.
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