Papel dos exossomos na leucemia mieloide crônica
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Resumo
Objetivo: Identificar o papel dos exossomos na Leucemia Mieloide Crônica (LMC), destacando sua origem, impacto na progressão da doença, resistência a fármacos e potencial terapêutico. Métodos: Revisão integrativa com artigos entre 2013 e 2025, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, com texto completo disponível. A questão norteadora foi: "Como os exossomos têm influenciado a progressão da Leucemia Mieloide Crônica e o tratamento da doença?". A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO, utilizando os descritores Exosomes, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia OR CML e Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Resistance (TKIs), combinados com “AND”. Resultados: Estudos indicam que os exossomos modulam o microambiente tumoral da LMC, promovendo proliferação celular, resistência terapêutica e remodelação do nicho hematopoiético. Além disso, interferem na resposta imune ao modular células T e favorecer a expansão de macrófagos M2, contribuindo para a evasão tumoral. Estratégias terapêuticas emergentes sugerem a inibição da biogênese exossomal ou a manipulação de seu conteúdo como abordagens promissoras para conter a progressão da doença. Considerações finais: Os exossomos desempenham papel central na progressão e resistência terapêutica da LMC, sendo alvos promissores para novas terapias. Estudos adicionais são necessários para caracterizar seu conteúdo molecular e avaliar estratégias terapêuticas baseadas em sua modulação.
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