Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in neonates in the state of PI

Abstract

Objective: To identify the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in newborns triaged by the State of Piauí Reference Service and to determine the distribution in different health regions of the state, from 2016 to 2017. Methods: A total of 3,560 newborns (NB) with altered hemoglobin levels, screened at the Public Health Reference Laboratory of Piauí, from 2016 to 2017. Data were organized into a database in Microsoft Office Excel. And the analysis performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: Of the 3,560 newborns (RN) with altered hemoglobin levels, 1,826 were males, while 1,734 were females. The majority of newborns (NB) studied presented hemoglobinopathies were mostly brown (69.3%), followed by whites (26.1%), black (4.2%), yellow (0.4%) and indigenous (0.1%). Among the altered hemoglobins, the most prevalent was Hb S, totaling 2,748 (77.19%). The analysis of the distribution of hemoglobinopathies in the different health regions of the state of Piauí showed the highest prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in the health region between rivers, which concentrates 39.9%, followed by 11.2% in the cocais region. Conclusion: The prevalence of abnormal hemoglobins in the neonate triad identified sickle cell anemia consisting of a chronic disease that commonly has high morbidity and mortality. The large number of heterozygotes found evidences the need for interventions, such as genetic counseling and investigation of family members.