Prognosis and complications of mitral stenosis in pregnancy: a narrative review

Abstract

Objective: To talk about mitral stenosis (MS), with emphasis on the prognosis and complications of this heart disease in pregnancy. Bibliographic review: Rheumatic MS is the main risk valve for pregnant women, where there is an increase in left atrial pressure that, associated with an increase in blood volume during pregnancy, can progress with pulmonary congestion and arrhythmia. In addition to these risks for pregnant women, there is a greater risk of prematurity and low birth weight. In the treatment, heart rate control, arrhythmias and the use of anticoagulants should be performed. In refractory drugs, Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Valve (MVCB) is indicated, with open surgery being the last treatment option. Final considerations: The morbidity of MS is around 60%, but the mortality is only 1%. The prognosis is favorable, as pregnancy changes regress within six months postpartum. Furthermore, the prognosis is directly related to the functional class, degree of MS and the presence of arrhythmias.